n., amakulu, ennono.

obunyiikivu; (meaning) amakulu.

buulira and buuza. appear to be derivatives of the Same rout buul-. They are here treated separately, primarily for reasons of tradition and practicality. cf. ekibuuliriro, embuulira, omubuulirizi, omubuulizi, nnantabuulirirwa.

o-: mu bigambo by'obuuma, in money matters, obuuma is the plur. of 2akuuma, the dim. of ekyuma, q.v. for further meanings.

okukola; (meaning) amakulu.

nzize) v.i. return, come back; go back; go; come up (of crops); take effect (of medicine), kudda mu mbeera, to return to normal, kudda mu maziga, to burst into tears; kudda mu ddiiro, to do a job over (because it was poorly done the first time); to dance again, kudda ngulu, to regain consciousness; to wake up. kudda buto, to become childish, enter one's second childhood (see buto for additional meanings). kudda ku mabbali, to stand aside, kudda mu bi- gere bya..., to follow in the footsteps of, succeed. Tayinza kudda awo kumala bi- seera bye. He can't just stand around and waste his time, abanlu abatalina kadda eri mumwa, people who have nothing to eat, lit. who do not have (a little thing, kantu implied) which returns to the lip. Emmere ezze. The food has been vomited up or The crops have come up.

n. (meaning) amakulu.

carelessness, inevitability (in the sense of being obliged to do what one does not want to do) and even sheer exasperation. Tumaze ga- gendayo. We sent there just for the sake of going. Mumale gaddamu, temulowooza. Just give an answer, don't think about it first. Mala gakola. Just go ahead and do it. Don't spend too much time on it. Among the younger generation there is a tendency to drop the verbal stem which normally follows ga-. The meaning is implied from context, e.g., Twamala ga-. We simply went there (or simply did something else, dep ending on previous context).

e- (li/ma) bad word; dirty word, amagambo ag'olumottole, indiscreet words. The grammatical plural amagambo (q.v.) does not have the augm. or pej. meaning of the singular, cf. gamba, ekigambo, amagambo.

e- (li/ma) a brilliant pieceof advice; an excellent idea. The gramm. plur. ama- gezi (q.v.) differs in meaning from, the sing.

n. (meaning), amakulu.

e- (ki/bi) lit. that which is feared, honor, glory; prestige, dignity; respect; reverence; pomp. None of the preceding equivalents expresses the full meaning of kitiibwa which is perhaps the greatest ideal and the most sought after attribute of the Baganda. It has an importune e comparable to that of ‘face' in the Orient, kufa kitiibwa, to feel shame/be ashamed (because of the actions or speech of another). cf. tya.

e- (ki/bi) banana tree, Musa sapien- tum; plantain tree, Musa paradisiaca. ow'omu bitooke, a rustic, greenhorn, okukyala n'osimba ekilooke, to overstay a visit, lit. visit and you plant a banana tree, bitooke bye bigwa, the plantain trees fall, a phrase used to intensify a preceding neg. verb and give it a positive meaning. Talya bitooke bye bigwa. He is a tremendous eater. Tadduka bitooke bye bigwa. He is a great runner, cf. ettooke.

e- (li/ma) trap for animals. See the plur. amakan da for additional meanings.

e- (1 i/ma) something very precious/ valuable/rare. For meanings of the plural see ^amakula.

stop, come to an end, go as far as, reach. Wakoma wa? How far did you get/go? Awo we nkomye. That is all. That is all I have to say (said after recounting an event or story). Nkomye. I have had enough (said when declining an additional portion of food). Yakoma. She has stopped bearing children, kukoma awo, to stop, let matters rest. Erinnya Kayaga lyakomanga ku bawala bokka. The name Kayaga was restricted to girls. Note the additional meanings 0/koma with the enclitics.

kyamisa (-kyamisizza) v.tr. caus. 1 & 2 cause to turn; cause to err, mislead; make crooked/bent, okukyamya ekigambo, to distort the meaning or pronunciation of a word.

-radde) v.i. be or become calm/fc>eaceful/settled. Eradde? lit. Is it calm/f>eaceful? The meaning is lost and the word is used as the first of a series of greetings, equivalent to How are you? The reply may be Maamu! Maamu, mirembe! etc. cf. mulaala.

o- (lu/n) hair of the tail of an elephant or giraffe; bracelet made from these hairs, additional meaning in plur. fly switch; fiber for the seams of a canoe.

a- plur. (li/ma) wisdom; knowledge; device, stratagem; advice; wit; skill, amagezi ga bnlijjo, common sense, everyday knowledge, omuwi w'amagezi, advisor, okusala amagezi, to devise a plan. Yasa- langa gonna (gonna here = amagezi gonna). He used every expedient. He did everything he could. Amagezi tegaba g'omu. (prov.) Wisdom/cleverness is not the monopoly of one person. Okwagala kulya amagezi. (prov.) Love benumbs (lit. eats) the senses. Love is blind. Note: the gramm. sing, eggezi (q.v.) differs in meaning from the plur. cf. -gezi, kalimagezi, olugezigezi.

a- plur. (li/ma) sense, meaning, significance, cf. kula, -kulu.

e- with the -a of rel. quiet; taciturn; withdrawn, introverted; discreet; restrained, temperate, abantu abatalina mitima gya mmizi, people who show no restraint. ebibuuzo ebitaliimu mmizi, meaningless/ pointless question, cf. mira.

inside, within. It is used with verbs, nouns and adjectives. With adjectives it weakens the force of the primary meaning. forehead, ekyenyi ky'empumi, projecting forehead. Wa mpumi. He has a projecting forehead, cf. 2e|tjwumj,

e- (n/n) meaning, significance; essence, nature; source; place of origin/birth; tradition, culture; heritage.

e- (n/n) savor, flavor (of food); sense, meaning, significance; truth, okuggwamu

ensonda, akasassa; (of time) ekiseera, eddakiika; (meaning) amakulu; (of an argument) ekisoko, omusoso; be on the p. of, vide about to; keep to point, okugoba ensonga.

n., amagezi; (meaning) amakulu, ensa.

omubiri, ekintu; (meaning) amakulu; (wealth) obugagga.

omuwendo; (meaning) amakulu.

n. (meaning), amakulu.

mpuwuttanyizza) v.tr. keep turning over in the mouth (hot food), kuwuwuttanya bigambo, to twist the meaning of words; to engage in double-talk. cf. mpuwuttanya.

all of which seem to be related and to have some such common meaning as ‘break, tear, break away (depart), thin out.' They are treated here as separate verbs because even if their ultimate unity is allowed, it would be unwieldy to treat them as a unit. See the following entries: yaba, yabika, yabirira, yabiza, yabula

cause to hatch; unmake, uncover (e.g., a bed); clear out; perform the birth rites for (a child), give a name to (a child when his head is first shaved). Note: yalula in some of its meanings is a conversive of yala, to spread, q. v.

see or experience (trouble). The simple form does not occur in L Uganda.

also kijjamalenge (la) baby bom with feet first. (Formerly it was thought that such a child would grow up to he a criminal. It was often strangled and buried at the crossroads. Hence the word sometimes has the meaning of unknown corpse.) cf. olulenge.

joke. v.tr. okugerenjula ebigambo, to twist words, alter the meanings of words, cf. %era, omugerengejjo, omugerenjuzi.

o- (mu/mi) load, burden; package, bundle; fig. burden, heavy responsibility. in the plur. luggage (in addition to the above meaningsj. cf. akagugu, eggugu, engugu.

o- also omulemampangu kind of tree with very hard wood, Pappea ugandensis. century, with the -a of rel. modern, up-to- date. eby'okulwanyisa eby'omulembe, modern arms/armaments. The plur. emi- rembe has the additional meanings: peace; safety; as adv. safely. Twatuuka mirembe. We arrived safely, emirembe n'emirembe, for ever and ever. Emirembe ngalo. Things come and go, lit. generations are fingers.

inflammatory leaflets usually distributed at night; blackmail note. The lit. meaning is: night (kiro) takes (-kitwala) the poor man (omunaku).

the special meanings of ddira with the enclitics:

is also used as the first element of hundreds of verb-noun phrases in which it loses its primary meaning and serves merely to give verbal force to the following noun. A few illustrative examples are given here, but since a complete listing would be unwieldy, even if possible, the compounds are listed under their final or noun element. akalulu, vote; okukuba akalulu, to vote, ekikonde, fist; okukuba ebikonde, to box.

okukyusa obuwufu, to retrace one's steps, okukyusa ebigambo, to twist the meaning of words.

o- (mu/mi) the type of noise produced by the tramping of feet, the firing of a gun, the detonation of explosives; thumping; (the sound of) footsteps, emi- sinde is also used as an adverb with the meaning very fast, at great speed, okuta emisinde, okudduka emisinde, okusiikuula emisinde, okutyekula emisinde, all of which mean to move at a great speed. cf. leki sinde.

(high tone) particle used: 1) as a preposition meaning like. Alya nga nsolo. He eats like an animal. 2) before a relative form of the verb. Yalabika ng'afumba. She seemed to be cooking, lit. like one who cooks. This is identical in form with 1), differing only in English rendition. 3) in the sense of about, approximately, abantu nga makumi abiri, about twenty people. 4) in conjunction with bwe, corresponding to the English conjunctions how or as. Kola nga (nze) bwe nkola. Do as (lit. like how) I do. 5) os an initial element in an exclamatory clause. Nga bayimba bulungi! How well they sing! (E.O.A.)

twa twa ideo. intensifying words meaning red. Kimyufu be twa twa twa. It is very red. Amaaso gabadde camutwakadde !*"a t'.va twa. His eyes were completely bloodshot. cf. twaka, twakaala.

(low tone) particle used: 1) as the introductory element in the second of two closely related clauses. The corresponding English may be a verbal participle; in other cases nga may be rendered how, how much. Mbalaba nga batambula mu kkubo. I see them walking in the road. Bwe yalaba ng'akooye n'asaba okuwummula. When he saw how tired he was, he asked to rest. 2) as the equivalent of the English conjunction if. Nga tebatuuse ku ssaawa bbiri, tobalindirira. If they have not arrived by eight o'clock, do not wait for them. 3) as the equivalent of the English conjunction when. Ng'otuuse obandabiranga. When you arrive give them my regards. 4) in conjunction with bwe, meaning while, as. Tunyumye nga bwe tuwaata. Let us converse as/while we are peeling. 5) as the introductory element in a ‘not yet' clause (= neg. + -nna-). Toweereza bbaluwa ezo nga sinnakugamba. Do not send off the letters before I tell you. 6) as an untranslatable element in some compound tenses. Babadde nga bayimba we nnagendeddeyo. They were singing when I went there. (E.O.A.)

an anomalous verbal root which always takes the subject prefix ka- {the implied noun subject is akabi) and a direct object (usually p ronominal). In meaning it corresponds most closely to Eng. dare, singa kantanda ne nzita ku kamu ku busolo obwo, if I dared kill one of these little animals. Nyjende? Teka- kutanda. Shall I go? Don't you dare.

with the same meaning, is rare. Note the following usages of kkoyi: Omuzungu kkoyi! The European is wonderful! Omusajja oyo kkoyi! What a terrible person that man is1 cf. ekiknkko

lagira and the forms listed under it seem to be parts of laga. They are listed separately because of the divergence of meaning.

v.tr. dilute; water down; fig. cause to lose meaning.

-gezze, obugevvu, amagejjo, omugejjo.

together with its derivatives, is perhaps related to kka, but because of the sharp divergence in meanings it is listed separately. cf. ekikko, olukko, ssa; kkakkana, kkalira, Ikkata, kkatira, kkiriza.

nnabeffululabiswa, lit. the nnabe which empties out the termite hills = nnabe in its fig. meaning.

-egambulula (-egambuludde) v.i. conv. 2 refl. become unstuck; peel off. Note: gambulula resembles gamba in form but not in meaning; they may both be derived from the same verbal root.

come forth (often in a fig. sense); show oneself. kwesowola bunya, to pop out, partially show oneself (like a lizard, cf. munya, lizard, from which is derived the adv. bunya). Abamanyi ennyo Oluganda beeso- woleyo okutunnyonnyola amakulu g'ebi- gambo ebyo. Let those who know Luganda well come forth and explain to us the meaning of these words.

cause to forget. cf. obwerabize. For verbs of similar form but different meaning see -erabira (under laba) and -erabiriza (under labirirwa).

alone, by (one.'s) self. The forms with the disjunctive pronouns are: nzekka, 1 alone, only I; wekka (2nd sing.); yekka (3rd sing.); ffekka / 1st plur.); mwekka (2nd plur.); bokka (3rd plur.). Also used with the pronominal concordants. ekitabo kimu kyokka, just one book, wano wokka, only here, just here, kyokka is also used as a conj. meaning however, nevertheless, contr. -nna.