adj., okka.

or else.

q.v. cf. kabongeera.

for which see the grammars. The following usages are important for lexical purposes because the derivatives formed cannot all be included in the dictionary. 1) bu + la ~ negative infinitive, often equivalent to an English noun which is not an infinitive in form. okumanya, to know; obutamanya, not to know; ingnorance. 2) bu + stem of a noun from another class often produc es an adverb which must be rendered by a phrase in English, enkofu, guinea fowl; bukofu, like a guinea fowl, kukaabya bukofu, to make cry like a guinea fowl, i.e., to cause to suffer. 3) bu + reduplicated stem of a noun of another class indicates plurality with the added notions of indefiniteness, scattered state or even contemp t. essomero, school; obusomerosomero, small, scattered schools which are inferior in quality. 4) normal verb form + bu + verb stem + i. Abalala bagamba nti... others say that; Abalala bagamba bugambi nti... others just/ simply/only say that.

o- less commonly obubonerezi (bu/-) repentance; penitence, cf. bona, bonereza.

o- (bu/-) blackness; darkness; less commonly dirtiness, cf. ddugala, -ddugavu.

o- adv. quickly, swiftly (only of running), cf. embiro.

have pups (of dogs only).

e- adv. long ago, in former times; (with a future verb) in the future, eddako. a short time ago; (with a future verb) later on, in a short time, afterwards, edda n'edda lyonna, always (only with the past). Edda n'edda lyonna wali oli ludda wa? Where were you all that time? Tulibiraba edda. We will see them in the distant future. Tunaagenda edda. We will be going later on (in the near future).

only antelope are found in Africa.

-duumve) v.tr., more commonly

consisting of the place formatives e- and wa. to, from or at the house/place of (similar to French chez). Nnenda ewa Mukasa. I am going to Mu- kasa's. Nva wa Mukasa gye banywa omwenge. I am coming from Mukasa's where they are drinking beer. With the possessive prefixes are derived the forms ewaffe (less commonly ewattu), at or to our place; ewammwe (rarely ewannyu), at or to your place, and ewaabwe, at or to their place. See also waaboffe, etc.

pers. pron. 1st plur. we; us. ffekka, only we, we alone, ffembi or ffembiriri, we two. ffenna, all of us, we all.

recount (a legend, tradition, fable, tale). Bwe ndigenda e Kampala nga musigadde kunfuma bugumu When I go to Kampala you will never see me again. Jjajjange kati tufuma mufume. My grandfather is long since dead, lit. we talk (of him) only in legends.

ring (a tree); more commonly improvise, make up; forge, counterfeit; falsify, fake; camouflage, okuginga omukono, to forge a signature.

very firmly, very tightly. Eccupa nnywevu be gulugulu. The bottle is tightly sealed. Kino kyange gulugulu. This is my very own.

e- plur. amayange (li/ma) much more commonly oluyange, plur. ennyange (li/ma) flower of the corn/maize plant.

for which see the grammars. One usage which presents serious difficulties to the users of the dictionary must be mentioned here. ka- is the prefix for singular nouns of the ka/bu class. This class contains not only nouns proper to it, but in addition most other nouns can be converted to this class; in the latter case the resultant noun is a diminutive. In many cases sound changes obscure the relationship between the original noun and the diminutive: ente, cow; akate, small cow. ejjinja, rock; akayinja, stone, endabirwamu, mirror; akalabirwamu, small mirror.

a- more commonly kafuumuuko adv. at a great speed, very fast. cf. fuuwuuka.

watered down; insipid, tasteless.

in rage, etc.); overwhelm; kill. Baamukanuliranga amaaso. They looked at him with wide-open eyes/in anger. Obusungu bwali bwagala kumukanula. Rage almost overwhelmed him. Okumubuuza ng'akanula maaso. On being questioned he could only stare vacantly. cf. -kanufu, obukanu, enkanu.

a- (ka/bu) a kind of insect which is found on sweet potatoes, (la, sing, only) a disease afflicting sweet potatoes.

e- (ki/bi) bowl; vessel; plate. Gy'otosula tosalirayo bibya. (prov.) lit. Where you do not live, you do not serve the dishes (of food). You are master only in your own home or your own sphere of activity, cf. obubya.

q.v. quickly; without stopping.

e- less commonly ekinyiinyinsi (ki/bi) scrapings of the pith of a plantain tree used as a sponge.

e- (ki/bi) toll or fee imposed on a vendor setting up a stall in a market; preliminary. Ekyo kikyali ekituuza. This is only the beginning (e.g., of a parent threatening even sterner punishment for a recalcitrant child), cf. tuula, tuuza.

e- (ki/bi) piece of cloth; rag; duster; patch; bandage. Ate linda ggwe, bino bi- kyali biwero. But just wait, this is only the beginning (of what I have to tell you). kuba biwero buwero, to be nothing, be far inferior to the person or thing with which comparison is being made, lit. be mere rags.

q.v.

e- (ki/bi) container used for milking cows foriginallv aovlied only to those made of wood, calabashes and gourds).

however, but; only, as exclusive pron. & adj. for sing, nouns of the ki/bi class, it alone, by itself, ekitabo kimu kyokka, just one book, only one book. cf. -kka.

o- also olubungubungu with the -a of rel. having no (or few) teeth, ow'olu- bungu, a person with no teeth, ow'olubungu- bungu, a person with only a few teeth (esp. at the side of the mouth).

o-: okulyamu olugaayu or okuyisaa- mu olugaayu, to lift one's leg and pass it over someone sitting down. This was commonly done by children as a sign of disrespect. It was believed that the person over whom the leg was passed would never grow any taller. The phrase may be used figuratively in the sense of look down on, show contempt for, defy. cf. gaayula.

o- (lu/n) more commonly aka- serengeto (ka/bu) slope, incline, descending gradient, downhill, cf. serengeta.

o- (lu/n) more commonly omusiiti, q.v. kind of shrub which bears hard red seeds (nsiiti). cf. lsiita, ensiiti.

o- with the -a of rel. few, small in number; scant, little; scattered. Abantu baabadde ba lusuluugi. There was only a scattering of people. There were only a few people.

o- plur. ennyimba (lu/n) song; hymn, okufumba ennyimba, to compose songs. Ow'ennyimba mbi, ayimbira mu babe. (prov.) A poor singer sings only among his own people, cf. lyimba, ennyimba.

a- always plur. (li/ma) the initial stages of an operation, the beginning. Gakyali mabaga. Things have only begun. We still have a great deal to do. cf. baga.

a- always plur. (li/ma) sides of the stomach; middle, center; middle of a container. Amazzi yataddemu ga mu mabutobuto. He only half filled it with water. cf. olubuto.

o- less commonly amalubya plur. chatter, excessive talk, ow'amalubya, chatterbox, cf. lubyalubya.

e- (n/n) native oven. More commonly kabiga, q.v.

only you. mwembi, mwembiriri, you two, the two of you.

e- (n/n) very poor person, unimportant person, a ‘nobody,' lit. one who can only offer sacrifices (wonga) of termite wings (byoya).

o- (mu/mi) unbaked cooking pot. Bakuba emyali. (prov.) They break unbaked pots. Only the wealthy can afford great extravagance.

brother (of the same mother, hut of the opposite sex of the person spoken of), mwannyinaze, my sister/ brother, mwannyoko(wo), your sister/brother, mwannyina, his or her sister/brother, cf. nnyina, kannyina.

o- (mu/mi) kind of tree commonly found in marshy areas, Macaranga schwein- furthii.

e- more commonly ensukusa (n/n) young plantain ready for transplanting.

e- (n/n) huge elephant; something huge/monstrous; now most commonly walagi, a very strong liquor resembling gin.

e- (n/n) dim. akayoga (ka/bu) kind of small mammal, hyrax, commonly called rock-rabbit, coney.

ki- rondamu nnawalubwa. (prov.) The epidemic picks out the unlucky ones. Not all evildoers are apprehended or blamed, but only the unlucky ones.

e- more commonly ennusu (n/n) East African shilling.

e- less commonly ennoso (n/n) [Su>., dr.] East African shilling.

e- (n/n) remains, remainder. Ensi- galira ebanjwa mugezi, (prov.) The remainder (of a debt) is (only) collected by a wise man. cf. si gal a.

e- (n/n) kind of small poisonous ant; fig. sharp/stinging pain. Omumpi w'akoma w'akwata, ensolosozi eruma atudde. (prov.) A short person can only grasp as far as he can reach {lit. where he stops is where he grasps), the nsolozi bites (only) the person who is sitting down. A person who does what he can is not to be despised, cf. akasolosozi.

e- (n/n) colocynth berries; game played by children with these berries, ma- tama kuba ntengo, to be silent when questioned (particularly when one is being accused). Yatuukira ku kubuuza Nsimbye- gwire gy'ali kyokka nga omukyala amatama ntengo. He asked where N. was, but the wife only kept silent, cf. akatengotengo.

e- (n/n) with the -a of rel. short (formerly only of barkcloth clothing but note of other types of clothes), obuteeteeyi obw'entundu, short skirts, mini-skirts. cf. ekitundu.

1st pers. sing. I, me. After a limited number of nouns nze becomes -ze. (b)baze, my husband, nzekka, I only, I alone, only me. nzenna, all of me.

v.tr., okulaga, okwolesa, okutengeka; (prove). okutegeeza. s. off (as warriors), okugooma, okudaadira, okudaala. s. whites of eyes, okukanula amaaso. s. head only, okwesowola.

adj., vide only,

obukalu (land only).

Mugaba, Obubonero bw’okugolola (striae) buba bwa bulijjo, tebulina bulabe, era butera okuba obw’olubeerera obuva ku kugolola amangu olususu ng’oli lubuto, mu myaka gy’obuvubuka, okugejja oba okuzimba omubiri, nga butera okulabika ku lubuto, amabeere, ebisambi, n’enkwaso.

e- (li/ma) small package/packet. Kiri mu ttu, kimanyibwa nnyini kyo. (prov.) What is in the packet is known (only) by the owner of it. cf. akattu.

more commonly siramuka, 'q.v. become a Muslim.

nnasiwa mu kange (from, a proverb), used as a phrase- noun: individualist; independent, self- sufficient person; person who is only concerned about himself.

mpunye) v.i. smell, produce a smell/odor; stink, kuwunya bugobe, to seem to be certain of losing a game/a sporting competition, kuwunya lugendo, to be almost ready to depart, be on the point of departure, kuwunya luliroliro, to smell or look like one who has been working over a hot stove, kuwunya buwunyi ku mmere, to pick at one's food, eat only a little, kuwunyayo buwunyi or kuwunyamu buwunyi, to go to a place and leave soon, stay only for a short time. Era ye munnange mu nju yawunyamu buwunyi nga yeggyawo. And my friend just went into the house briefly and then went right out. Tewali mmotoka egi- wunyamu. There is no other car which is its equal. Obukulu bumuwunyako. Old age is creeping up on him.

njise) v.i. pass (in time, through space), kuyita ku muntu kkuutwe, to pass a person without greeting him. kuyita mu mannyo ga mpisi, to have a narrow escape, lit. pass through the teeth of the hyena, kuyita ku luti, to slip off of the skewer, i.e., have a narrow escape, kuvitako wa fOmiilangirn) Ssegaamwenge. to get drunk, lit. pass by (Prince) Beer, kuyita ga mpiteeyite, to pass/go here and there, kuyita kuli, to be arrogant/insolent, kuyita mu mankwetu, to use secretive/ questionable methods, act on the sly. kuyita Ttembo (a Kabaka who went mad), to go crazy, okutuuka nga buyise, to arrive late. Ekyo kyamuyita ku nviiri. That left him indifferent. He didn't care, lit. it passed over his hair. Amazzi gayita kuli. The waters (e.g., in a river) are flooding/overflowing. Omulimu gwange gwa kiyita mu luggya. My job is only temporary, lit. passing through the yard. Yayita eby ama- teeka. He passed his course in law. Tujja kubuyitamu. (-bu- implies bulwa, danger.) You and I are going to have trouble. You and I will have it out. Bw'oyita n'omubi obijja. If you associate with an evil person you will become corrupted. Tell me who your friends are and I will tell you what you are.

to roll the eyes so that only the white part is prominent.

o- (mu/mi) very small space only large enough to crawl through, cf. kwebera.

o- trap; bow; fig. trap, snare, pitfall. Akateeyanira ke kafa omutego. (prov.) lit. (The little animal) which does not cry out dies in the trap. Survival is granted only to those who fight for it. cf. tega, obutego.

(-mamadde) less commonly

(in certain cases) maternal aunt. The forms are: mmange or nnyabo, nnyoko, nnyina, nnyaffe, nnyammwe, nnyaabwe (my mother, your mother, his/her mother, etc.). Note that nnyabo is also used: 1) as a term of address for a woman: Miss, Mrs, madame and 2) as an interj. expressing sympathy or pity: oh dear! Note that nnyoko, your (sing.) mother is sometimes used in a bad sense. It may be replaced by mukyala.