okusooka, okutanula, okutandika, okuyinama, okubanga, okubulula, okukkirira.

oluberyeberye, okusooka, entandikwa.

mmanze) v. tr. begin, commence; set up, establish; build, construct; found.

commence superficially. cf. ebbanga, obwebange, ekibangirizi.

divide into portions; open partly, okubegulula emimwa, to purse the lips (as one just beginning to cry), okubegulula amatama, to laugh foolishly, guffaw. cf. akabezo, olubega, (o)mbegedde.

olugendo is implied by -lu-). to be just beginning, to have a long way to go. Tetunnaluba. We are just beginning.

etc. v.i. begin to sprout/grow (of hair, down, etc.).

a- no plur. period from about nine to ten in the morning, when the sun begins to get warm, lit., the grasshoppers (mayanzi) become active (lasa).

a- (ka/bu) tail of a snake or lizard; plantain leaf used for covering a pot of ma- tooke which is cooking, kuggyako kawuuwo, to begin serving a meal; to begin a discussion; to kick off fin soccer), cf. wuuwa.

e- (ki/bi) toll or fee imposed on a vendor setting up a stall in a market; preliminary. Ekyo kikyali ekituuza. This is only the beginning (e.g., of a parent threatening even sterner punishment for a recalcitrant child), cf. tuula, tuuza.

e- (ki/bi) piece of cloth; rag; duster; patch; bandage. Ate linda ggwe, bino bi- kyali biwero. But just wait, this is only the beginning (of what I have to tell you). kuba biwero buwero, to be nothing, be far inferior to the person or thing with which comparison is being made, lit. be mere rags.

e- (ki/bi) burning torch kept through the night (esp. in a chief's compound) for easy provision of fire in emergencies or at the beginning of the day.

o- also luberyeberye, o- adv. in the beginning, at first, with the -a of rel. first, ekigambo eky'oluber(y)eberye, the first word, with cap. Oluberyeberye, The Book of Genesis, cf. -ber(y)eberye.

o- (lu/n) elbow, okubukeereza enkokola (-bu- = obudde), to wake up bright and early, to begin (a taskj or start (a journey) early in the morning, olukokola lw'entebe, the arm of a chair, cf. akako- kola, nnabankokola.

o- lit. one (ctay, oiunaku, implied), at one time; once, on one occasion, one day. lwali lumu nga..., once upon a time; on one occasion (used at the beginning of a narration of a past event), lumu is the normal form for one with nou-ns of the lu/n class. olulimi lumu, one language, cf. 2.mu,

a- always plur. (li/ma) the initial stages of an operation, the beginning. Gakyali mabaga. Things have only begun. We still have a great deal to do. cf. baga.

skin; maliba, skins.

complete; use up, consume; spend (time); satisfy, be sufficient for. v.i. suffice, be sufficient; be adequate; be enough. As an auxiliary verb mala has the following uses (adapted from Ashton's Luganda Grammar): 1) To denote completed action mala is followed by the main verb in the inf. Twamaze okusamba omupiira ng'obudde buzibye. We finished playing ball by the end of the day. 2) Followed by an inf. without the I.V., mala stresses the completion of an action before another action begins. Onoomala kuleeta mazzi. You will first bring water. 3) Followed by ga- and a verbal stem, mala expresses inevitability, obligation or simple carelessness. Tumaze gagendayo. We simply had to go there. Bamala gakomaga mbugo zityo. They just beat out the bark in any old way. 4) Followed by the neg. of the ne tense, mala indicates a reversal of decision.

a- plur. (li/ma) beginning, cf. tandika.

e- also occurs as mailo (n/n) special category of landed property. (The mailo system, providing for the confirmation of ownership and allotment of land, was devised at the beginning of the century), omu- kubi wa mmayiro, surveyor, okukuba emma- yiro, to survey, contr. mayiro.

o- (mu/mi) sneeze; bad omen (it is considered bad luck to sneeze at the beginning of a trip or on undertaking a new enterprise). okutema omwasi, to sneeze. Ya- vuddemu omwasi. He (finally) said something. He (finally) made a statement. Ba- nkuulamu omwasi. They got a response from me. They got a reaction out of me. cf. yasimula.

(the month of) March, cf. kulusa, entungo.

e- (n/n) source of a river; source, origin; beginning (of a story, a tale), cf. sibuka.

e- (n/n) beginning, start, commencement. cf. tandika.

e- (n/n) beginning, okuluva ku ntono, to start from the beginning (in giving a detailed narrative). Ka nno nduve ku ntono. Let me start from the beginning.

etc. okusookera ddala, first of all.

begin; found (e.g., an organization).

v.tr. (begin work, etc.), okutandika, okwalika.

bwe kikutamirira oyita Katonda. (prov.) What you get and like, when it begins to pall on you, you call on God (to take it away).

begin slowly, obudde nga butandiikiriza okukya, as it gradually began to dawn. cf. amatandika, omutandisi, entandikwa.

begin, commence.

commence; undertake.

nnyanze) v.tr. spread out, unfold, begin; present, submit (a bill, proposal); bring up (a matter), okwanja omupiira, to kick off (in soccer).

v.i. appl. 2 begin to appear (of a beard).

begin; appear, loom up.

to rub one's eyes after sleep, struggle to awaken oneself. Obudde butandise okunyiimuula. Day is beginning to break.

dove; mayiba, doves. Note that the stem is not altered in the plur.

v.i. redup. begin to rot; rot partially.

v.i. begin to sprout.

saliva), kuyunguka maziga, to burst into tears.

v.i. begin to grow old; lose one's beauty.

v.i. appl. 2 begin to wither; fig. be dejected/depressed.

bend over. cf. -bundufu.

v.i. & tr. appl. 2 caus. cause to laugh at; laugh wholeheartedly; laugh to attract attention; begin to develop (of breasts).

pick off; snatch from; quote, cite. Ebba- luvva ye esooka n'ebigambo bye yanokodde mu kitabo. His letter begins with words he has cited from a book. cf. ^noga.

v.i. appl. 2 be or become lukewarm; begin to warm up; be heated up (from exertion or sickness); fig. become cheered up; become enthusiastic.

v.i. begin to grow down or feathers.

(prov.) lit. As it threatens is not how it rains. The end is not necessarily like the beginning.

rock-s. In cases of this sort the stem begins with y- as do other derivatives: -yinja, kayinja, guyinja, etc.

e.g., yogera, speak (imperative); okwogera, to speak (infinitive). Verbs of this type are alphabetized under y- rather than o-.

v.i. begin appearing/growing (of breasts).

cf. ekikaabugo.

v.tr. start work/begin operations in a rough/provisional way. Guno omulimu tukyakaabula mukaabule. We are just starting the job (and we have a general idea of how we are going to go about it).

v.i. appl. 2 recip. set simultaneously with the rising of the sun (said of the moon). Leero omwezi gukeererana n'obudde. At this period the moon is beginning to set (is still visible) when the sun is rising.

kuva ku luguudo, to go out of style/taste. ku- luva ku ntono, to start from the beginning (in giving a narrative, -lu- implies olu- gambo). Okuva, (The Book of) Exodus. Ova wa? Where are you coming from? Nnava mu byange. I gave up my wealth/belongings. Va awo olimba! You must be joking! okuva mu mbeera, to become disturbed/upset.

begin all over again. Obul- wadde bubagudde. The disease has recurred.

etc.; descend upon; begin. Bwe yajja yakkira ku kunvuma. When he came the first thing he did was to insult me. Omanyi ebintu gye byakkira? Do you know how the matters were settled?

e.g., yera, sweep (imperative); okwera, to sweep (infinitive). Verbs of this type are listed under y- rather than e-. Reflexive verbs with the initial e- are listed immediately under their non-reflexive counterparts: esamba, kick oneself, is contained in the entry for samba, kick. Reflexive verbs which do not have non-reflexive counterparts are alphabetized on the basis of their second letter: -ebaka, sleep, is listed under b.

v.tr. refl. separate oneself from; avoid; be distant from. Omukazi oyo ama- tama gatandise okumwesamba ennyindo. This woman is beginning to show her age, lit. her cheeks have begun to separate themselves from her nose.