omuwala.

enkulukuku, ekiswa; some names of the ants may be put into the ki-class to denote the hill built by that ant.

a- the form of the -a of rel. used after plur, nouns of the mu/ba and la classes. For an additional function in noun phrases see^wa.

burst open; snap; crack (as of glass); break, break off; break open. Omusana gubanduse. The sun is very hot. Yabanduka enseko. He burst out laughing. Olugoye lwe lubanduse mu nkwawa. Her dress has split open under the arm.

two, three, etc.) and with nouns of the lu/n and n/n classes, cf. -biri.

pers. pron. 3rd plur. they (for nouns of the mu/ba and la classes).

for which see the grammars. The following usages are important for lexical purposes because the derivatives formed cannot all be included in the dictionary. 1) bu + la ~ negative infinitive, often equivalent to an English noun which is not an infinitive in form. okumanya, to know; obutamanya, not to know; ingnorance. 2) bu + stem of a noun from another class often produc es an adverb which must be rendered by a phrase in English, enkofu, guinea fowl; bukofu, like a guinea fowl, kukaabya bukofu, to make cry like a guinea fowl, i.e., to cause to suffer. 3) bu + reduplicated stem of a noun of another class indicates plurality with the added notions of indefiniteness, scattered state or even contemp t. essomero, school; obusomerosomero, small, scattered schools which are inferior in quality. 4) normal verb form + bu + verb stem + i. Abalala bagamba nti... others say that; Abalala bagamba bugambi nti... others just/ simply/only say that.

a former kingdom in Uganda. Obuganda with concords appropriate to nouns of the bu/- class. the entirety of Buganda, Buganda with all of its peoples, resources, etc. cf. -ganda, Oluganda, Omuganda.

0- pr.n. (concords of n/n class) England, cf. -ngereza.

engeri, olubu, ekibala; (school) ekibiina.

e- (li/ma) [Sw., dr.] class, classroom.

ejjinja eddene, a big stone.

v., okukulukusa; (one's glass) okwekamirira, okukatankira, okukutamira.

pron. & adj. for singular nouns of the n/n class, this, enkumbi eno, this hoe. as a. demons, adv. here, ne gye buli eno, until now, up to this time. cf. eyo, Wi.

pron. & udj. for singular nouns of the n/n class, that (at some distance away), enkumbi eri, that hoe. as a demons, adv. there (some distance away), cf. eyo, eno.

pron. & adj. for singular nouns of the n/n class, this, that (referring usually to something already mentioned), as a demons, adv. there (nearby). cf. eno, eri. deprive of; lose completely. Kijja kumufiiriza omulimu gwe. It will cause him to lose his job.

ennimiro, omusiri; f. glass, galubindi.

ekifaananyi; (bench) olubaawo; (class) ekibiina; for form's sake, musondo.

e- (n/n) [Eng.] drinking glass, tumbler. Ekyo kiri mu ggiraasi. That is quite obvious.

endabirwamu; (tele scope) galubindi; (drinking) ekirawuli.

often with a pejorative force. No nouns are inherently of the gu/ga class, omusajja, man; ogusajja, huge hulk of a man, giant, ekintu, thing, oguntu, huge clumsy thing. Since many hundreds of nouns may be shifted to the gu/ga them all in a dictionary.

for which see the grammars. One usage which presents serious difficulties to the users of the dictionary must be mentioned here. ka- is the prefix for singular nouns of the ka/bu class. This class contains not only nouns proper to it, but in addition most other nouns can be converted to this class; in the latter case the resultant noun is a diminutive. In many cases sound changes obscure the relationship between the original noun and the diminutive: ente, cow; akate, small cow. ejjinja, rock; akayinja, stone, endabirwamu, mirror; akalabirwamu, small mirror.

a- (ka/bu) small piece of jute cloth; type of thick fabric made of sisal and resembling fiber glass, used for tying cotton.

adj. Sr pron. for nouns of the ka/bu class, this/these.

katono is also the form of the adj. -tono used before sing, nouns of the ka/bu class, cf. -tono, ^kata.

e- (ki/bi) class (in school); crowd, gathering; association, society; organization; group; (political) party, ekibiina ky'abakozi, labor union, ekibiina ky'obu- fuzi, political party, cf. munnakibiina.

e- (ki/bi) sort; category; group; class; sect.

e- (plur. ebimu) numer. one (in the plur. some). Used with nouns of the ki/bi class or when no specific noun is referred to. buli kimu, everything, kye kimu, the same (thing), in the same way/manner. Ekyo kye k imu n'okugamba nti toogende. This is the same thing as saying that you will not go. okussa ekimu, to be in agreement; to receive Holy Communion, lit. to breathe (as) one. cf. ^-mu.

adj. & pron. for nouns of the ki/bi class, this/these.

e- (ki/bi) [Su>., /Jr.] glass covering/shade for a lamp or light; arch, glass, tumbler; arch., in the plur. glasses, spectacles.

omutuubo.

e- (ki/bi) category, type, kind, classification.

up to the waist, as far as the waist. Nfukiramu caayi okukomya mu makkati. Pour out some tea for me up to the middle of the glass. Yankomya ku ssomero. He accompanied me to school, gye -komya + inf... gye -komya + inf., the more...the more. Gye tukomya okuyiga ennyo gye tu- komya n'okufuna obubonero obulungi. The more we concentrate on our studies the better our grades will be. \bamu gye baakomyanga okutendereza omwami naye gye yakomya n'okwenyumiriza. The more some people praised the chief, the prouder he became.

e- (li/ma) large tail, kusiba kkira, be the last one, be at the tail end (of one's class), cf. omukira.

be at the end, be last in line. Omwana wange ye yakoobedde mu kibiina. My child was at the bottom of his class, cf. omukoobero.

however, but; only, as exclusive pron. & adj. for sing, nouns of the ki/bi class, it alone, by itself, ekitabo kimu kyokka, just one book, only one book. cf. -kka.

take no notice; be carefree/unconcerned.

endabirwamu.

o- (lu/n) row; line; list; category, class. Akoowoola bantu bonna okuyisaako olubu lw'ebigere e Nsambya mulabe aba- kyala bye bakoze. She asks that you all go to/pay a visit to (lit. pass a series of steps to) Nsambya and see what the women have done, olubu lwa ssapule, relig., the (prayers of the) rosary.

o- lit. one (ctay, oiunaku, implied), at one time; once, on one occasion, one day. lwali lumu nga..., once upon a time; on one occasion (used at the beginning of a narration of a past event), lumu is the normal form for one with nou-ns of the lu/n class. olulimi lumu, one language, cf. 2.mu,

olulimi luno, this langauge. as an adv. now, at this time. Iu tali luno, quickly, hurriedly; at once, immediately.

o- adv. afterwards; later; (before a following inf.) after, oluvannyuma lw'oku- funa amawulire gano, after receiving this news, with the -a of rel. last, final, mu ssaawa ez'oluvannyuma, in the final hours. Mukasa y'abeera wa luvannyuma mu mugigi. Mukasa is at the tail end of the class. cf. -vannyuma, va, nnyuma.

galubindi ezimbulukusa.

e- (n/n) bowl-shaped calabash or gourd used as a tumbler for drinking, empaawo enzungu, drinking glass, cf. ekiwaawo, oluwaawo.

o- plur. abaana (mu/ba) child. When referring to the young of animals mwana is sometimes, but not always, shifted to the mu/mi class, omwana gw'endiga, lamb, but omwana w'embuzi, goat, kid. mwana wattu, friend, my friend/pal (often used as a term of address), cf. akaana, ekyana, olwana, lyana, nnabaana.

e- (n/n) mirror, looking glass. cf. laba, labira.

two, three, four, etc.) and with plural nouns of the lu/n and n/n classes, cf. -na.

e- the form of -ddugavu, black, used before nouns of the n/n class and plural nouns of the lu/n class, engatto enzirugavu, black shoes.

adj. Sc pron. with sing, nouns of the mu/ba and la classes that; that person. Sometimes rendered: someone, somebody, a person, cf. oyo, ono.

adj. & pron. with sing, nouns of ^ the mu/ba and la classes this; this person. cf. oli, oyo.

adj. & pron. with sing, nouns of of the mu/ba and la classes that; that person (referring to someone near the person addressed or someone who has already been alluded to), cf. ono, oli.

n. (of salt, etc.), use n. in tu-class, e.g. otunnyo.

akantu, akatiriginya; (of meat) e bbaago; use n. in tu -class.

two, three, etc.) and with nouns of the lu/n and n/n classes.

two, three, etc.) and with nouns of the lu/n and n/n classes, kuba mu ttaano, to get, lit. to have in (my) five (fingers). Gkitabo kindi mu ttaano. 1 have the book. I have got hold of the book. Yagamba nti ebintu byonna byali bimuli mu ttaano. He said that he had everything under control. cf. -taano.

e- (li/ma) class; group; category, okuba mu ttuluba erimu, to be in the same category; to be ‘in the same boat.'

ekirawuli.

O- plur. aba. the form of the -a of rel. used after nouns of the mu/ba and la classes. Also used as the initial element of many noun phrases relating to persons. It implies a preceding omuntu (abantu), person(s). amawulire, news; ow'amawulire, journalist (plur. ab'amawulire). ebigere, feet; ow'ebigere, pedestrian.

up; in the air, in the sky; upstairs; loudly, in a loud voice, obuyigirize obwa waggulu, higher education. amatundiro aga waggulu, stores of a better class, ab'awaggulu, people who are high in the social scale, okumanya okwa waggulu, superior knowledge. Ekiyita waggulu, otegera wansi empungu terya bire. (prov.) lit. What travels on high, you trap (when it is) down, the eagle does not eat clouds (but must come down to eat). What goes up must come down. cf. eggulu, kungulu, engulu.

o- (mu/mi) level, stage; layer, stratum (e.g., of clouds); class (in school).

abaana ba boowo, free-born people, people of the upper class. cf. waaboffe.

dove; mayiba, doves. Note that the stem is not altered in the plur.

a- pron. some (people), adj. some (with plur. nouns of the mu/ba and la classes), abantu abamu, some people. The sing, is omu. cf. ^mu.

abate; be last (in class, in athletic competition).

plur. m i ri m u.

o- (mu/mi) full serving, full portion, emisera ebiri egy'omwenge, two glasses of beer full to the brim, as an adv. brimful, to the brim. Endeku yali ejjudde musera be ddu. The gourd was full right up to the brim. cf. lensera.

Pers.] spectacles, eyeglasses, galubindi eziraba ewala, binoculars, field glasses, galubindi ez'omusana, sunglasses, galubindi ezizimbulukusa or galubindi ezigezza, magnifying glass, microscope; telescope.

amayinja abiri, two stones, ensi abiri, twenty countries, amayinja amakumi abiri, twenty stones, cf. -biri.

cf. -na.

cf. -satu.